| 1. |
- Kronenberg, Kai
(författare)
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A quantity-quality framework for measuring the regional socio-economic impact of tourism : The case of Jämtland Härjedalen
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Measuring the economic effects of tourism has always been a high priority for private and public actors in the regional economy (Stabler et al 2009). These estimates provide insights about the generation of sales, jobs, and income associated with tourism, but also support industry officials in the regional development agenda. Measuring tourism’s economic impact in a region typically involves economic impact models that capture both primary and secondary effects (Comerio and Strozzi 2019). However, results gained from these models are limited in regards to highly aggregated and growth-oriented indicators on the macro-level.These economic impact models ‘fulfil’ their purpose in incorporating the assumptions of mainstream economics and in focusing on macro-level indicators related to economic growth (Elsner 2017). That involves the risk that important socio-economic aspects, such as the distribution of income, are less considered in regional tourism development agendas. Even so-called ‘advanced’ models neglect distributional dimensions in estimating the impact of tourism (Lee 2009). Accordingly, a growing body of literature starts criticizing mainstream economics’ modelling assumptions and its narrow view on economic growth (Söderbaum 2017). Instead, economic analyses should put more focus multi-dimensional perspectives, including the institutional (i.e. meso-level) perspective in addition to the traditional macro- and micro view (Dopfer et al. 2004). Furthermore, various forms of inequalities are identified to typically hamper regional development from a socio-economic point of view (Moulaert and Nussbaumer 2005a).Against this background, the aim of this thesis is to propose a framework that extends traditional economic impact approaches and allows the measurement of tourism impact from a broader socio-economic perspective. The approach in this thesis comprises a macro as well as a meso level analysis and utilizes a mixed-method approach (Dopfer et al. 2004; Khoo-Lattimore et al. 2017). More concretely, the traditional economic impact methodology is further developed in order to estimate disaggregated employment and income effects for specific occupations, and to estimate the income distribution across occupations in major tourism sectors.This analysis is conducted for the county of Jämtland and comprises the period + time (Daniels et al. 2004). A series of interviews with major regional industry- and policy representatives complements the impact analysis from the meso-level perspective. By doing so, the institutional perspectives helped identifying potential reasons for variations in occupation and income developments in tourism.Findings show that the traditional way of analysing tourism’s impacts does not only provide the full picture of the impacts, but also even gives potentially misleading information. While, in general, the tourism industry benefits from annually growing arrival numbers in terms of sales, the income level of the tourism workforce remains among the lowest in the entire regional economy. In addition, the income inequality across occupations in the main tourism sector accommodation & food is increasing, indicating a negative trend in the industry. This can be partly attributed to decreasing union membership rates, short-term career perspectives, and increasing shares of occupations without requirements for higher education. Like in other branches, the role of education in the tourism industry is particularly important to overcome these trends.This study shows that extending traditional ways of analysing the economic impact of tourism by incorporating additional socio-economic dimensions contributes to a better understanding the socio-economic sustainability of the regional tourism industry. By putting the focus away from pure growth-driven indicators, this approach proposes an alternative way for measuring tourism’s impacts, which can, hopefully, be implemented and institutionalized in the future.
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| 2. |
- Gelter, Jennie, et al.
(författare)
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Making sense of smart tourism destinations : A qualitative text analysis from Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. - : Elsevier. - 2212-571X .- 2212-5752. ; 23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of smart tourism destinations has gained increased attention in research literature and among tourism stakeholders. However, the concept is still considered in need of more in-depth explanations for understanding and making sense of the notion. The contribution of the concept of smarttourism destinations to managerially relevant knowledge is particularly difficult to assess due to its complexity. Therefore, a qualitative text analysis of stakeholder interviews is proposed and conducted using the GABEK® methodology to identify recurring themes in the stakeholders’ understanding of smart tourism destinations. The GABEK® methodology aims to represent the texts of open interviews as networks of interrelated keywords to make sense of a complex phenomenon. This study explores how destination stakeholders from two different Swedish destinations make sense of the concept of smart tourism destinations. Study findings show that, from the destination stakeholders’ point of view, there is a need to counterbalance the currently dominant focus on technology with softer though more existential values to construct a sustainable path of destination development. As for the theoretical contribution, this study clarifies properties of smart tourism destinations and stakeholders’ sense-making of the concept of smart tourism destination.
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| 3. |
- Höpken, Wolfram, et al.
(författare)
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Google Trends data for analysing tourists’ online search behaviour and improving demand forecasting : The case of Åre, Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Information Technology & Tourism. - : Springer. - 1098-3058 .- 1943-4294. ; 21:1, s. 45-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate forecasting of tourism demand is of utmost relevance for the success oftourism businesses. This paper presents a novel approach that extends autoregressiveforecasting models by considering travellers’ web search behaviour as additionalinput for predicting tourist arrivals. More precisely, the study presents a methodwith the capacity to identify relevant search terms and time lags (i.e. time differencebetween web search activities and tourist arrivals), and to aggregate these timeseries into an overall web search index with maximal forecasting power on tourismarrivals. The proposed approach enables a thorough analysis of temporal relationshipsbetween search terms and tourist arrivals, thus, identifying patterns that reflectonline planning behaviour of travellers before visiting a destination. The study isconducted at the leading Swedish mountain destination, Åre, using arrival data andGoogle web search data for the period 2005–2012. Findings demonstrate the abilityof the proposed approach to outperform traditional autoregressive approaches, byincreasing the predictive power in forecasting tourism demand.
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| 4. |
- Chekalina, Tatiana, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Customer-based Destination Brand Equity Model
- 2022
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing. - Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing. ; , s. 742-744
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The customer-based destination brand equity model (CBDBE) captures knowledge about the complex relationships between tourists and tourism destination brands (e.g., Buhalis and Park, 2021; Chekalina, Fuchs and Lexhagen, 2018; Tran, Nguyen and Tran, 2021). Theoretically, the CBDBE model is derived from cognitive psychology and depicts tourists’ complex responses to a tourism destination’s name. The model aims to understand the multi-dimensional brand-related memory structures that tourists hold about a destination. As a managerial tool, the CBDBE model allows us to measure a destination brand’s strength and thus evaluate a destination’s marketing success. Destination managers use the CBDBE model to identify areas that allow them to upgrade destination marketing strategies, promotional campaigns and destination product development (Tran et al., 2019).
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Höpken, Wolfram, et al.
(författare)
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The knowledge destination : – a customer information-based destination management information system
- 2011
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Ingår i: <em>Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2011</em>. - Vienna : Springer. - 9783709105023 ; , s. 417-429
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Huge amounts of customer-based data, such as tourists' website navigation, transaction and survey data are available in tourism destinations, however, remain largely unused (Pyo, 2002). This paper presents the concept of a knowledge-based destination management information system (DMIS) that supports value creation through enhanced decision making. Information is extracted from heterogeneous data sources of the Swedish tourism destination of Are and is categorized in explicit feedback (e.g. survey data) and implicit information traces (e.g. navigation and transaction data). Methods of business intelligence are applied to retrieve interesting data patterns, thus, to generate knowledge in the form of empirically validated models. The paper deduces new insights about the applicability of data mining techniques and related models at tourist destinations depending on the type of tourism data and concrete problem characteristics at hand (Pick & Schell, 2002).
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| 7. |
- Kuttainen, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Social media monitoring and analysis in tourism
- 2012
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Ingår i: <em>Proceedings of the 2<sup>nd</sup> Advances in hospitality and tourism marketing & management conference</em>. - 9789602871393
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
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